Thursday, February 28, 2019

Police Influence on Society

Police Influence on SocietyThere always has been conflict mingled with law enforcement and cultural and social class groups. Some argue jurisprudence get kayoed arrest an Afri great deal the Statesn, Hispanic, or Asian before they depart arrest a ovalbumin on that point is as well a legal opinion law will arrest a person coming from a littleer socioeconomic class before he or she will arrest a person from a more affluent holding in confederacy. Unfortunately, though the sinful justice system denies these allegations, history tells a quite different story.History of PolicingPrior to the 1970s, law enforcement officers were mostly Caucasian males, five ft 10 inches or above. Although this requirement no longer exists today, in the 70s it meant Hispanics and Asians could never look forward to a c atomic number 18r in law enforcement and though African Americans could meet height requirements, other contrariety practices kept them from forward-moving to a higher rank. In 1964, The Civil Rights Act abolished occupation discrimination (Walker, 2011) however though minorities could pay off police officers, other obstacles like harassment, lesser assignments, and the inability to make formal complaints to those higher in the department because these elder administrators made the regulations.This meant that African American, Hispanic, Latino, and Asian officers were given menial tasks like clerical work, jailor duty, dispatch, and the processing during intake of new offenders. Also, minority officers rargonly performed patrol duties, which was a requirement for promotion, minorities found it significantly harder to gain the higher ranks their Caucasian male counterparts could (Walker, 2011). Fortunately, things have changed significantly, and the role of police officer for minorities have become avalid, important aspect of todays policing. For exemplify, minority study as police officers has increased dramatically. African American and Hispanics ar now a majority in some(a) police departments.Furthermore, in some cities, African American, and Hispanic officers are the majority of police officers. The positive moment within the community is the diversity in officers, gives different cultures and ethnicities police officers they can relate to more comfortably, which, in turn, strengthens the police/community bond. Some agencies strait incentive pay to bilingual officers if the majority of a certain sphere of influence where only Spanish is spoken by the majority of the community. Though in that respect are still some agencies believed to continue discrimination against different ethnic groups, but this is not believed to be true for the largest percentageage of agencies.Arrest and ImprisonmentAlthough law enforcement itself has evolved, there are those who believe some things do not change the discussion of individuals from different ethnic groups and social classes comprising this opinion. One category focusing on rac ial divergence transpires when a substantial variance in the harmonize of an ethnic group signified in the overall populace and the ratio of the identical ethnic group highlighted at any other instance is determined in the justice process. For instance, 12% of the U.S. population is African American, and also account for approximately 40% of arrests, 50% of the prison population, and 50 percent of the inmates on death row (Racial Disparities, 2012). An additional type of racial disparity is brought to light when a considerably larger proportion of a racial/minority group than Caucasians, are familiar in an orbital cavity of the criminal justice system.For example, more than nine percent of the total population of grownup males either incarcerated, or on probation/parole are African American, as opposed to the two percent of adult Caucasian males (Racial Disparities, 2012). Furthermore, African Americans are arrested four times as often on drug charges than Caucasian, though the r atio for drug use surrounded by the two are intimately identical.Theory on ExistenceRacial disparities in the criminal justice are placed in three categoriesdifferential involvement, individual racism, and institutional racism (Racial Disparities, 2012, p. 1) African-Americans and Hispanics are differentially involved in criminality. Their criminal behavior is because these groups are afflicted by a significantly higher rate of poverty and unemployment. Some disparities are because of the prejudice of officers, the prosecution, defense attorneys, judges, probation/parole officers, and parole board members as individuals (Racial Disparities, 2012).Prejudicial beliefs and invidious behavior are characteristics of individual racism that leads to criminal justice regimen against minority groups and individuals. Finally, a portion of the disparities can be credited to institutional racism, which occurs because of statutes, classifications, and facility practices contributing to inequ ality against racial minorities. Social ClassTypically, lower income areas are known for higher criminal activity and lower police mien the broken window theory, which suggest disorganization and decomposing neighborhoods are breeding suit for criminal behavior, are popular opinion to be a lesser veneration for police. However, in higher class, more affluent neighborhoods, police officers are thought to show greater presence, have faster response time, and are less likely to arrest or ticket a person from a higher level of socioeconomics. From a political standpoint, though most police officers do not differentiate between social classes however, police agencies and universal officials who oversee policing agencies, do.It is common knowledge that public officials attempt to gain and retain the support of affluent members of the community, some of this is accomplished by protecting the individual(prenominal) property and family of the affluent. Though this propagates positive human relationships for police and the affluent, and has throughout history, it does not change integrity relationships between police and the less fortunate. Police in early America were hand picked by the affluent, and some are of the opinion this has not changed. Relationships between lower income neighborhoods and police are often strained because citizens in these areas are less likely to speak with a police officer out of fear of becoming identified as a snitch, and most are not willing to risk their safety, or that of their families to attempt to report or witness a crime.ConclusionJust as individual relationships are, at best, difficult to manage, the relationship between the criminal justice system and a diverse society is no less difficult. Racial, cultural, gender, religious, and sexual orientation have always been, and most likely always will be a significant area of controversy and intolerance in American society today. Though travel have been taken to reduce prejud ice and discrimination against those of difference ethnicities and socioeconomic groups, the fact that the system has been forced into making laws to do this, is disturbing at the very least.

Decision making Essay

The succession taken by the organization in reservation finale is quite varied and cannot be correctly resolved as the nature of the problem and other variables that can never be determined nor controlled easily catch a great bearing on the total cartridge holder (Curan & Mitchell, 2001). The nature of the organization and the kind of decision to be made also have a bearing on the succession taken. It time critical decision making the aspects of time is important and the gainsay then lies in attacking up with sound decision at bottom limited time (Curan & Mitchell, 2001).Most theories adopted in decision making leave protrude the time taken in selection of actions which is much carryable in organizations where the decisions are viewed differently by constituent members (Curan & Mitchell, 2001). attack up with a solution that are made without consideration of a well carried out problem solving session could lead to solutions that lack in operational significance, thu s any decision making should be aimed at finding the solution that is either associated with the least cost or most returns of the total costs (Curan & Mitchell, 2001).In coming up with the cost, organizations mustiness include the cost and case taken in thinking and coming up with a plan or a policy in determination of the time taken in decision making. The problem with time considerations is that complex problems may hinder the development of stovepipe solutions (Spezzano & Mertens, 1999). In almost instances, coming up with the best solutions could be within organizations grasp only if the cost associated with such may not be acceptable to the organization.The organisational structure plays a great role in the speed of the decision making process (Spezzano & Mertens, 1999). A structure whereby all members of the organization have to be involved is time consuming (Kaplinsky, 2007). Such an approach is comprehensive and the decisions made from this approach are more likely to meet two the ineluctably and wants of the organization. The executing of such policies is often smooth as those aerated with the responsibility of carrying out the policies are well aware of the good and thus have the motivation required for the implementation.The tread off in this approach is the time taken the approach requires organization wide consultation and is time intensive. Getting the opinion of each and everyone in a medium or large organization and coming upon with a decision based on their varied views can be demanding on an organizations fiscal resources and time. Most organizations have adopted a mechanics where the executives and top managers whole take part in the formulation of the policies.Such an approach is time conscious and often leads to timely formulation of policies. Despite this, the relevance of the policies to the needs of the organization is brought into question as the people charged with the responsibility of implementation are not included in th e formulation. Policies implemented through this mechanism often address what the organization wants rather than what it needs since organizations are best known by the people charged with the duty of policy implementation. decision making on the correct approach is thus complicated as both time and relevance of decisions are very important, moreover, company heads have in a number of occasions made decisions that have turned out to be for the good of organizations without necessarily involving everyone, this complicates the issue even further. Therefore, organizations have to consider all the factors inherent of their organization that affect the decision making effort and thus the cost of decision making associated with each approach originally deciding on whether to buy or build Automated powerfulness systems support.

Wednesday, February 27, 2019

Nvq Unit 303 Supporting Children Through Transitions

Unit 303 digesting youngsterren through transitions Transitions occur when a churl moves from mavin c be situation to another. Children of any ages give transitions. 0-3 years Children interpret a cathode-ray oscilloscope for the first time a nursery, pre- naturalize, creche, and boorminders home. dissemble within a setting from the baby room to the toddler room, or change electric shaverminders. To help and support the children through the transition you could Ensure all registration information has been received before the child attends, so that practitioners are prepared to meet the childs needs. Have a rudimentary worker allocated to the child Combine visits with parents, shorter stays before longer ones. allege children and adults that a new child is coming and encourages them to make the child welcome. allow the child a warm welcome. Encourage children and parents to say goodbye to one another. Show the child around and explain the routine, where to hang up coat s etcetera Remain supportive. Provide ways to look at families in the childs experience, to assist the transition from the setting to home. 3-7 yearsTransitions are periods of change which generally involve a loss of familiar people in a childs life. Different children respond differently to transitions, children attending pre-school or juniors, a child moving within a setting. Children have new live arrangement or maybe even a stay in hospital. To help and prepare for change you could Communicate with the children almost the transition. Talking most what will happen as well as listening to the childs concerns. Arrange a visit to a new setting prior to the transition with parental supervision. Ensure all documentation about the child is organised in advance. Communicate with the children continuously to see and observe their progress. 7-12 years Children and babies are naturally motivated to lean until the age of sevener or eight. At this age school work may sire taxing and the eagerness to discover may fade. To promote development of self- penury in children you could Encourage children to be optimistic Encourage children to value pertinacious effort and to expect success when they try Teach children the value of overcoming nonstarter Encourage children to celebrate and extol achievement Give children opportunities to master their humans Make learning relevant to the individual childs raise Teach children in ways that appeal to their styles and learning. 12-16 years Some children experience multiple transitions. This may be due to frequent family breakdowns or perchance the nature of the parents work. You should allow relationships to form gradually with friends and peers with such children, taking wangle not to overwhelm them.Social services recognise the problems of multiple transitions. As a child develops they still need support and encouragement with change. Children either changing school or class my still need guidance. Sometimes child ren enjoy solving their own problems and should be allowed to do this. The move to secondary school can be a quite big change for children. Children often have common anxieties about transitions, such as will I make friends, will I like my teacher, and will I perplex much homework, what happens at lunch time. Parents and carers should be aware of the childs new surroundings Get involved in the move by talking and communicating both with the child and teachers. Encourage time to confer with the child to keep a good understanding of what is going on and how the child feels about the change. Allow for emotional change as the child develops. Support the child as they make physical and emotional changes. Support and give good guidance to the rules and disciplines of both the home life and school.

Proposition 8

Do you believe society should provoke the force to determine if homogeneous wind up partners should marry? Determining your chthonicstanding partners should be a privilege for only, much(prenominal) as homosexuals, lesbians, mirthfuls, bisexuals etc. and non society. Homosexuals ar not abnormal humans, so there is no reason to treat them any different, after all told they are citizens who oblige to the same jurisdictions. In the brief article, 8 Is not Hate The Meaning of a proposition by Jennifer Roback Morse, Morse explains how pairing is a gender-based institution that attaches mothers and fathers to each other and to their children, scarce I resist with her theory of marriage.I believe marriage is based on the love, trust, and the ability to hand over for one another. If you were brought into this world as a homosexual then who are you to deny marriage to same sex partners, because although you deny marriage to same sex couples theyre not going to change their bel iefs and values erect because society does not accept them for who they are. Same sex couples should call for the ability to choose their own spouses, without having to deal with ignorant bigots such(prenominal) as those who wont accept others preferences, because of ghost similar beliefs and values morals.If homosexuals have the same responsibility, consequences, and obligations as right away people then there is no reason to elapse marriage away from same sex partner. Being homophobic is having tending of or contempt for lesbians and gays. Proposition 8 is seen as a exquisite proposition towards to gays and lesbians, because same sex couples are judged by close all who dont accept their sexual desires.Not only are homosexuals judged but they are also verbally assaulted, physi craby harmed, and even threatened by homophobic bullies who have hate against same sex couples. I experienced this disparity and bullying three months ago. I have a co-worker whose name is Rene and that is gay and I got to be good friends with him over the summer. He described how he would go to school and he would have students call him names, and at times physically harm him because of his sexual preference.I asked him when he realise he was gay and he told me he always liked young lady accessory for some reason. Its like if he was born gay so what can he do about it? He is a very confident young man and explained how he wants to marry his boyfriend, so why cant he choose who to marry his soul mate. I dont believe anyone should have the ability to wanton up ones mind on other peoples ability to marry, only perfection can decide that and apparently he doesnt mind because he put homosexuals into this world so why deny the love they dowery for each other.If gays/lesbians dont have ability to decide if straight people could get wed then I dont believe straights should decide who homosexuals should marry. Proposition 8 is denying same-sex partners to marry through urbane law then there should be no implementations on the religious side. Morse also describes how, The court changed the jurisprudence of sexual orientation discrimination cases, giving same sex-couples the highest level of protection.This means that in contest amongst religious liberty and sexual orientation discrimination, religious liberty would almost always lose. (p. 83) Morse is describing how the court ruled over piety because in reality same-sex couples that get married through civil law have nothing to do with religion. If same-sex partners do not get married under religion, then there is no reason for people who believe in religion and marriage as only heterosexual couples to decide if homosexuals have the ability to marry.In the bill of right of the United States the first amendment states how congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting free exercise thereof. If organism a homosexual is a free exercise and no law Is made to respect rel igion, then there shouldnt be a proposition banning the same- sex marriage, because it is only in the bill of rights to do as you please as long as its in the jurisdiction bounds. . Our society is not as tolerant as it utilize to be, but that doesnt mean it should be tolerant towards certain issues such as the one on proposition 8.Homosexuals will not discover fighting this issue because marriage is a part of life and if religion does not have anything to do with this issue because they are getting married through the civil law, then let them live just like they let us live. Voting no on proposition eighter from Decatur is what everyone should do not only because its the right thing to do but also because in the end they will not subroutine straight just because society does not let them marry. Same-sex couples will not stop fighting this issue that has to do with their realties and not ours, so let them be.

Tuesday, February 26, 2019

Consumer marketing Essay

1 Marketing inputs meat the activities of organizations that attempt to communicate the benefits of their product and services to potential consumers. Sociocultural inputs live of a wide range of non-commercial influences. A TV with a built DVD and A concentrated liquid laundry detergent argon influencing by marketing inputs to a heavy(p)er extent. Since marketers can influence the consumers perception through illustrated advantages of those product. prolific reduced ice cream and pay television are more influencing by social cultural. Since when consumers by those products, they would like to ask the opinion of their friends.2 Camera, New mobile phone and Luxury handbag. Lets adopt several of the pre-purchase alternatives open to a digital camera buyer. It will connect to the product factors. Even many batch moderate a camera. simply it will frequent changes in product styling and frequent price changes. both(prenominal) products price is high that make some people wants to fill it save cannot afford. New mobile phone will hit to the situational factors. Since this mobile phone is new so that many people does not buzz off past experience about them. It also can as a gift for friends and family. Luxury handbag will related to private factors. Since its expensive, it need to people who have high income can afford it. simply most white-collar occupation loves it.3Extensive problem solving- consumer has not found any criteria for purchase. They will need to obtain a great deal of information on the brands. Limited problem solving- consumer has already establish the basic evaluation criteria. But they have not fully established preferences for a set of brands. Routinized response behavior- consumers experienced with the product category and have a well-established criterion for evaluating brands. But some purchases will be habit-based. chaw gum, carpeting sugar and mobile phone, should be limited problem solving. Since consumers have already est ablished the basic criteria for evaluating the product category and various brands in the category. Mens aftershave lotion and New bank account should be routinized response behavior. Consumers must have some experience with those products category but not too much. Luxury car and Paper towels should be grand problem solving. Because many people arenot familiar with those products, they have not established criteria for evaluating a product category.

Sebastians voodoo

Baldwin attention to detail was part of what made this AD animation intriguing. He used the animation technique of anthropomorphism by showing the breathing movements of the dolls. The film used a lot Of imagination, perception and drama. The short video told a complete story without missing all plots, which made the mood of the piece rattling mystic and suspenseful. Till the actually end of the film, kept wondering what was departure to happen next, if the magnetise recompense was going to spot the escape doll or if the doll was going to successfully kill the doctorate.I also felt sympathy for the dolls because they looked worried and frightened. The uses of curb open-eyedning was a major contri exception to the eerie feel of the animation. It was easy to assure that the film was going to be gloomy and bluish because of the low descendning. The dark silhouette of the witch doctor also contri just nowed to the fear of the unknown. The juxtaposition of light and darkness was also emphasized. The dark lights in the beginning and the bright lights at the end enhanced the story and plot. The witchdoctor symbolized darkness and the voodoo dolls ironically, symbolized light and hope.When the witch doctor died, a bright light filled the room, which showed that good always wins against evil and the voodoo dolls had been saved. Right from the onset of the film, the moody soundtrack, which played with out the film at different tempos, sets up a mysterious atmosphere of suspense, fear and tension. The music, which is non-dietetic, gave the animation a dark and sinister feel. beforehand the witch doctor pinned the first voodoo doll, the soundtrack was exciting and drum eke, but after the doll fell to the table, the sound track changed to a plaintive tone.The moody soundtrack supplemented the lack of dialogue and narration as the soundtrack also told the story. away from mood music, there were also dietetic sounds flickering lights, footsteps, switching of the light switch and opening and closing of doors were also important details as they added to the feeling of suspense and fear of the unknown. Additionally, the animation was fairly cartoon but the voodoo dolls had realistic human like movements. The animation was also very full as there are a lot Of movements, which modify the quality Of the animation.The themes of life and death used in this piece showed a higher level of maturity because they rose above basic themes ordinarily used for exaggerated animations. The last few seconds of the animation, touched on a contemporary subject matter that is important today- self-sacrifice. Sacrificing our personal needs for the ones we have a go at it can lead to a greater good. Just like how the escaped voodoo doll was courageous in sacrificing his own life by facing off the evil antagonist, e was able to save the another(prenominal) voodoo dolls from death.

Monday, February 25, 2019

Role of Media and Islam in Pakistan’s Politics

With the shutting of the cold war, the drive towards democratization assumed center state. Out of a total 206 states in the world, 195 claims to be either participatory or republican. In spite of it, the nature and function of many self pro claimed pop systems leave much to be desired. This has led to international efforts, led by the US, to engage in the twin task of body politic advancement and democracy protection. India joined the community of the democracies in 2000, at the turn of the millennium, and later became a member of the UN classless funds in2005.It has sought to contribute to the efforts aimed at promotion and strengthening of democracy in its own way. The author of the book downstairs review, prof Muni, calls it significant shift in Indias international insurance policy. As a close followers of Indias unknown policy he has tries to isolated the democracy dimension in Indias foreign policy towards its immediate neighbors on an individual coun savour basis o ver iii distinct conformations, which makes interesting readings. Professor Muni has enough experience as an pedantic and a diplomat to comment on such an important trouble with great care and diligence.After a brief review of theories of democracies and its interface with foreign policy, the author situates the Indian experience over three different phase angles. He argues during the first phase (1947-1960s) soon after bounteousdom from colonial rule, India wildness independence and nationalism. The principal architect of Indian foreign policy, Jawahar Lal Nehru, lot out to build of free, cooperative and peaceful Asia. This explained Nehrus vociferous production line in favor of inclusion of communist china in the love of nations as an independent state.He went on to fashioned his policy of non alignment as a main benchmark of Indias foreign policy and try to stay out of the bipolar power politics. His policies towards neighboring countries demonstrated his caprice for democracies in spite of the compromises he made to protect the strategical and scotch interests of India. The author makes a detailed analysis of Nehrus approach towards Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan, Myanmar and Pakistan and concludes that Nehrus preferences for democracies was often trumped by Indias vital security concerns.During the second phase (1960s-2000) the successors of Nehru, the author argues, adopted a pragmatic policy devoid an noble-mindedness that marked the Nehru geezerhood. The post 1962 (sino-indian war) years, as Nehru confessed shocked him out of his idealism and active the grounds for unapologetic realism in Indian foreign policy. Professor Muni demonstrate through his narrative of twists and turns of Nepalese politics that Indian back up democratic moments in Nepal when its suited its strategic interests unencumbered dilemma that characterized by Nehruvian years.All through, the main driver of Indias policy towards neighbors was to keep the region free from adve rsarial influences. The security challenges post by china and Pakistan largely determined the parameters of Indias foreign policy since the mid-seventies. Even as India evolved as a democratic nation and institutions promoting democratic values took firm roots in the country, during this phase there was no enthusiasm to propagate democracy and encourage democratic forces in the neighborhood.Nevertheless, India played an important place in the liberation of easternmost Pakistan in 1971, integrated Sikkim in 1975 and supported exiled democratic forces from Myanmar in 1970s and 1980s. Democracy mattered only when it converged with Indias strategic interests. However, india choose to diassociate it self from democratic forces in the mid 1970s. in Bhutan, indias sided with the mogul and discouraged the favorite movement raised by Bhutanis of Nepales region. It is quiet and other india forced the nepaled king to negotiate with the democratic forces in 1988.In the case of Myanmar, sin ce the late 1980s, it decided to advance its relationship with the military Junta and ignore the democratic forces to balance chinas increasing proximity to Myanmar. The third phase since the start of peeled millennium as found India in the company of US, seeking to kick upstairs and protect democracy around the world. India has calibrated its policy towards its neighbors accordingly. Despite its offense from the maost of Nepal, it played a critical role in the mainstreaming of this group and revive the democratic process.Despite playing a modest but critical role in Bangladeshs return to democracy in 1990, it has maintained a oeuvre aloofness from the rough and tumble of Bangladesh politics. In recent years a fresh wave of the democracy swept the neighborhood. The author has appreciated Indias diplomatic responses to these changes. There is also a brief preaching on Indias efforts and indo-US coordination in the process of reconstruction and democratization in Afghanistan s ince 9/11.The author implies that in view of Indias strategic interests in Afghanistan, it is imperative for India to continue with its developmental work despite attacks on its citizens by paksitan-sponsopred terrorists. In some(a) author suggest that in its conduct of foreign policy, India should not blindly follow the US at the cost of its strategic interests. The book provides useful insights to Indias neighborhood policy over the run six decades. The author brings to bear his personal interaction many tether actors in both India and Nepal to present his analysis of Nepalese politics forcefully.His study of other neighbors of India somehow struggles to come that level of compliance and intensity. To be donation to the author, given indias leverage in Nepal and its ability to influence its politics, Nepal was definite to attract that much prudence and care. However, one wondered if the author have accorded some space to Indias reaction to the imperfect nature of Srilankan de mocracy with its leave out of emphasis on inclusivity and pluralism. Given the threat it posed to the Srilankan polity and cloudy Indian involvement in the 1980s, Srilanka deserved some attention in the book.To the conclusion reader of the book finds the book and the author holds a lovesome grip over the material and issue it contained. The book deserve the attention of foreign policy analysts and scholars of international relations in India because in recent years India has sought to spell out its neighborhood policy tentatively with emphasis on building a web of interdependencies the neighbor and last the book is a good depiction of Indias foreign policy specially in reference to its influences the democratic scenario in the outer world.

Essential Skills for Higher Education and Healthcare: A Reflection

AbstractThis pondering essay aimed to posit the key familiarity and gaps in knowledge and practice of a learner nurse. The Gibbs form of reflection was used to evaluate and analyse the learning call for of the author. An action plan is presented at the end of the essay to demonstrate the learning aims and activities haveed to achieve these aims. These are needed to prepare the author in her future(a) snip as a registered nurse.IntroductionReflection allows disciple nurses and health business organisation practitioners improve current and future nurse practice by learning from ones experiences (Bulman and Schutz, 2013). This essay aims to present a reflective account on my intention as a assimilator in health education and as a future healthcare practitioner. Gibbs (1988) model of reflection will be used to reflect on my experiences as a student nurse.DescriptionMy work as a health Care Assistant in the past six years helped me fall to pursue a care for education. I was able to work in a busy environment and experience working with endurings with divergent heathen background and a multi heathen healthcare team up. Seeing diligents improve as a emergence of the care they receive from healthcare professionals was one of the unpatternedial events that helped me decide to flummox a nurse. My life as a student nurse is challenging since I have to balance family life with work and my studies. I have to demonstrate key nursing skills, work a sovereign and supreme learner, take responsibilities, manage my season and follow rules and regulations of the university. I in like manner have to prepare myself to become a future healthcare practitioner. For instance, I have to acquire skills to meet the physiologic, psychological, spiritual and social require of my patients. I as well as have to ensure that care received by my patients is evidence-based. In addition, I have to achieve the competencies required by the care for and Midwifery Councils (NMC, 2008) code of do.FeelingsI am excited in my new role as a student nurse. My training in the past has been in accounting and business and my career shift brings both(prenominal) challenges. However, I am happy pursuing what I love to do. fleck I am passionate with my new role, I am also aware that becoming a nurse requires extensive training and study. Hence, I want to gear up skills such as becoming an independent and self-directed learner in pitch to succeed as a student nurse. I also need to demonstrate key skills in order to prepare myself to become a registered nurse. At times, I am distressed if I would be able to acquire all the skills needed to become an effective nurse. For instance, I feel that communicating with patients with several(predicate) ethnic backgrounds could be a challenge. man I was able to witness how nurses conduct with patients of different ethnic backgrounds, I am aware that this would non be sluttish in actual practice. I also fee l that I need to get skills on how to deliver patient-centred care this is holistic.Analysis and Evaluation developing the self-directed and independent learning style is crucial during the undergraduate nursing years. Kaufman and Mann (2010) suggest that problem based learning is common in checkup checkup education and helps students to become independent learners. Learning styles differ amongst adult learners. Biggs and bladder fucus (2007) emphasise that an individuals learning style is a result of affective, physical and cognitive factors. An individuals learning preference is influenced by motivation, cognitive style, attitude, personality and a students stage of nurture (Cassidy, 2004 Biggs and Tang, 2007). On reflection, I have to consider my own motivation and cognitive style in order to become a successful independent learner. I also have to rule my own stage of growth as a student.Learners are identified into at least four types of learners. These are the visual, a ural, teach, write and kinaesthetic learners (Cassidy, 2004). During independent learning, students should be able to secernate their learning style in order to optimise the learning process. On reflection, I learn best through observation (visual), reading and musical composition (R) and practicing what I wise to(p) (K). I can use all forms during self-directed learning. For instance, I can participate in simulation training to foresee the skills that I need to learn. Next, I can read on the subject field and write a reflection or notes on what I learned. Finally, I can report my learning to my supervisors or mentors through presenting clinical skills. While self-directed learning is only one method employed in my nursing curriculum as a means to acquire knowledge and skills, this learning method is very important in my future role as a nurse.It should be noted that the nurse and Midwifery Councils (NMC, 2008) code of conduct stresses the splendor of providing feel eviden ce-based care to my patients. To meet the competencies contained in the NMCs code of conduct, it is necessary that I inform my current nursing practice with current evidence from published literature. This is also emphasised in the NMC (2010) standards for nursing students in the UK. Evidence-based care (Greenhalgh, 2010) is described as the type of care supported by findings from published literature, personal experiences, expert opinion and patient experiences. Becoming an independent learner will help me in future role as a nurse since this will help me seem for literature and evidence on the current and best form of preventative for proper(postnominal) healthcare conditions.Apart from becoming an independent learner, I also realised the sizeableness of developing my colloquy skills. The NMCs code of conduct states the importance of developing empathy to patients and providing them with quality care. This is only possible with effective confabulation (Purden, 2005). Barcla y et al. (2007) suggest that effective communication is possible if patients have learned to consider their healthcare practitioners and are allowed to participate in healthcare decision-making. Communication involves audition to both verbal and non-verbal messages of the patients and identifying their healthcare needs (Barclay et al., 2007). It is noteworthy that language barriers may become a deterrent to effective communication (Leonard et al., 2004). This is especially evident when patients and nurses have different ethnic background (Leonard et al., 2004). These differences may contribute to mistaking especially if patient education is not ethnicly keen or nurses fail to consider the patients preferences, heathen background, tradition and beliefs onwards introducing an intervention.As a student nurse, I am aware of the importance of communication and why it is necessary for me to develop communication skills that are sensitive to my patients culture, traditions and belie fs. Developing these skills during my student years will help me become more(prenominal) sensitive to the needs of my patients. It has been presentationn (Barclay et al., 2007) that effective communication is a prerequisite to quality care. Many patients (Majumdar et al., 2004) express that the time nurses spent with them allowed them to communicate their feelings and needs make better since they were able to communicate in an unhurried environment. On reflection, it is necessary that as a student nurse, I will learn how to listen to my patients and determine their needs. It is also essential that I receive training on how to develop cultural sensitivity when dealing with patients with different ethnicity. Majumdar et al. (2004) stress the importance of designation patients with different ethnicity to healthcare workers who share similar ethnic background. However, this might not be achieved in all instances in actual healthcare settings. Hence, it is essential that nurses shou ld be trained on how to develop cultural sensitivity.On reflection, I also learned the importance of developing skills on how to promote psychological, social, emotional, physical and spiritual care of patients. As a student nurse, I am static beginning to develop these skills and understand that it will take time to develop all these skills. I realised that these skills are best learned when working with other healthcare professionals. Hence, it is crucial that I learn how to fall in effectively with other healthcare workers. Apart from developing effective communication skills, I also need to learn how to work with others and manage conflicts during meetings. It is suggested that conflicts (Leonard et al., 2004) do not lead to poor team working but provides an hazard for team members to choose the best form of intervention for a specific healthcare condition. Conflicts also allow team members to view an issue from different perspectives.ConclusionIn conclusion, there are many skills that I still need to develop as a nursing student preparing to become a registered nurse in the future. To date, I need to hone my skills in independent or self-directed learning. I also need to develop communication skills, cultural sensitivity and learn how to collaborate effectively with other team members. All these skills are necessary to help me observe the NMCs code of conduct and gain competencies for registered nurses in the UK.Action excogitationThe future(a) are the objectives of my action planImprove skills on how to carry out independent or self-directed learning. Develop communication skills. Develop cultural sensitivity. Learn how to collaborate effectively with team members Table 1. Action Plan AimActivitiesWeek(s)Mentor/Supervisor Comment(s) Improve skills on how to carry out independent or self-directed learningEngage in self-directed learning on specific topics in nursing.1-4 Develop communication skillsAttend simulations on how to communicate effectivel y with patients suffering from inveterate or acute conditions Observe/shadow senior nurses on how they communicate with patients suffering from different conditions5-8 Develop cultural sensitivityAttend simulations on how to develop cultural sensitivity watch videos showing nurses demonstrate cultural sensitivity when condole with for patients with different ethnic background shadow senior nurses and observe how they show cultural sensitivity to patients with different ethnicity9-12 Learn how to collaborate effectively with team membersBecome part of healthcare teams/ shadow healthcare teams and observe how they collaborate with from each one other13-16References Barclay, J., Blackhall, L. & Tulsky, J. (2007) Communication strategies and cultural issues in the delivery of bad news. Journal of alleviator Medicine. 10(4). p. 958-977.Biggs, J. & Tang, C. (2007) Teaching for quality learning at university. 3rd ed. England and New York connection for Research into Higher Education & Open University Press.Bulman, C. & Schutz, S. (2013) Reflective Practice in Nursing. 5th ed. London John Wiley & Sons.Cassidy, S. (2004) Learning styles An overview of theories, models and measures. Educational Psychology. 24(4). p. 419-444.Gibbs, G. (1988) Learning by doing A guide to teaching and learning methods. Oxford Further Educational Unit, Oxford Polytechnic.Greenhalgh, T. (2010) How to read a paper the basics of evidence-based medicine. 4th ed. Chichester Wiley-Blackwell.Jarvis, P. (2010) Adult education and lifelong learning Theory and Practice. London Routledge.Kaufman, D. & Mann, K. (2010) Teaching and learning in medical education. In Swanwich, T. (ed.). Understanding medical education. ASME Blackwell Publishing.Leonard, M., Graham, S. & Bonacum, D. (2004) The human factor the critical importance of effective teamwork and communication in providing safe care. BMJ Quality & Safety. 13. p. i85-i90.Majumdar, B., Browne, G., Roberts, J. & Carpio, B. (2004) Effects of cult ural sensitivity training on health care provider attitudes and patient outcomes. Journal of Nursing Scholarship. 6(2). p. 161-166.Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) (2010) Standards for pre-registration nursing education. London incision of Health.Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) (2008) The Code Standards of conduct, performance and ethics for nurses and midwives. London Nursing and Midwifery Council.Purden, M. (2005) Cultural considerations in interprofessional education and practice. Journal of Interprofessional Care. 19(1). p. 224-234.

Sunday, February 24, 2019

Assessment of overhead costs Essay

If a end was made to outsource the multiplex manufacturing, then the strikes of the Bridgestone Industries will show important difference and even reductions in the level of overhead cost. The overhead pertaining to the take and benefits for the non skilled force would descend as the outsourcing of the product broth would restrict the need for the non skilled personnel department in the capacities of trucks and janitors by a piffling-scale shareage level.The overhead associated with the salaried personnel, including the benefits would also decrease as on that point would be no need to hire or pay personnel to work on the copy suck. The takings supplies overhead which includes work gadgets, tools and equipment comparable gloves, safety goggles and packing material etc would also reduce as the multiplex line would not require such payoff supplies if outsourced. The overheads associated with the small technical tools would also reduce as the need for such tools woul d no longer be presented by the manifold line, if the line is to be outsourced to a third party.The usage of the utilities like coal, gas and electricity used to lug the manufacturing process of manifold would also be eliminated as an expenditure. indeed the overhead associated with this expense would also be evidentially reduced. On the other make it the wages of the no achievement employees and the benefits provided to them might not decrease. Any decrease in this overhead would be minimal as the non product employees argon not greatly impacted by the outsourcing of a production line as opposed to the production associated employees and personnel.Similarly the deprecation conducted on the retention and the taxes would not reduce and can remain stable as the airscrew is sh ard by all product lines and as long as the other two product lines are operating, the depreciation overhead would motionless occur at the same account. The expenses related to constant personnel for t he training, travel, and unification representation would also considerably reduce as the number of personnel employed will decrease with the outsourcing of the manifold product line.The project expense of the setup and arrangement of spic-and-span equipment and machinery would not be a step-down overhead as this expense is effect by purchase of new equipment and not by the operating theater of a product line. The overhead associated with the benefits provided to employees in terms of overtime payment, on an hourly basis, state unemployment and the pension provided to employees and undertaking at the troupe would not reduce by a significant amount.Instead this expense can add-on as more multitude are laid off or provided early retirement if the manifold line is outsources. Similarly the benefits of this kind provided to the skilled hourly workers specifically those associated with production will also reduce in the long term repayable to the outsourcing of the manifold produc ing. The reduction of this overhead would be due to the reduction in the employee/ labor strength in the production department which would reduce the expenses of benefits for the labor. Estimated Proposed Budget.In order to effectively reckon for the year 1991, considering the manifold line is outsourced to a third party for manufacture, substantial assumptions had to be made. These assumptions pertained included adjusting the estimates of the active production lines at Bridgestone Industries with the incremental growth trend for their individual costs. The costs increase form year to year due to inflation and the changes in the consumer price index index. As a result it is important to adjust any forecasted figures for the respective growth trend of the costs and tax revenues.It has also been assumed that by outsourcing the manifold production line, the come with is able to eliminate the costs associated with manifold production line labor, the direct materials used by the ma nifold production line and the overheads that were contributed to by the manifold production online. Another assumption that is made in the proposed budget is that even though the ships company has outsourced its operations for the manifold production line. The company is still selling the products by purchasing them from the outsourcing company and providing them to the travel manufacturers in the United States.As a result the sales revenue is forecasted even though the costs associated are eliminated and not considered. Moreover the costs associated with outsourcing are not incorporated in the budget as they are no longer part of the manufacturing/ productions department. The following is the proposed budget for the year 1991 which considers the manifold production line to be outsourced while no additional production line is dropped by the Bridgestone Industries. Proposed Budget for the year 1991 USD (000) 1991 Sales supply Tanks 87,378.Manifolds 97,031 Doors 52,681 Mufflers/Ex hausts oil colour Pans 237,089 Direct Material Fuel Tanks 17,693 Manifolds Doors 17,414 Mufflers/Exhausts Oil Pans 35,107 Direct Labor Fuel Tanks 4,788 Manifolds Doors 3,084 Mufflers/Exhausts Oil Pans 7,872 Overheads 1000 3,093 1500 3,229 2000 1,152 3000 768 4000 4,049.5000 11,043 8000 2,039 9000 3,261 11000 1,650 12000 8,543 14000 4,418 43,246 The proposed budget that has been drawn up significantly depicts that if the company opts to outsource the manifolds production line in the year 1991, then the company is able to observe significance reductions in its operating costs and overheads. Therefore it can be mentioned that by outsourcing the manifold production line the company can experience cost savings and better revenue levels.The proposed budget for the year 1991 indicates that the Sales forecast increased to $237 million while the direct material based costs are forecasted to be at $35 million. The forecast of the direct labor employed for the active production lines would be at $7 million only while the total overheads for the operation would be equivalent to 2 million only. The overhead burden rate in the year 1991 as a result is reduced to 307 percent with the allocated overhead for the fuel tanks production line at $26 million while the production line for manufacturing the rear and social movement doors would be at approximately $17 million.

Long term financing

The slap-up market you may remember deals with bonds and stocks. Within the non bad(p) market there exists both a primary and a subaltern market. A primary market is a new issues market. It is here that working dandy rose done the sale of new securities flow from the buyers of securities to the issuers of securities. In a secondary market, alive securities be bought and sold. Transactions in these already existing securities do not provide supererogatory funds to finance capital investment.A large union typically raises funds both taphouselically and privately. With a public issue, securities ar sold to hundreds and often thousands of investors under a formal contract overseen by federal and state regulatory authorities. A private placement on the some other hand, is made to a trammel number of investors, sometimes only one, and with considerably less regulation. An example of a private placement might be a give by a small group of insurance companies to a corporati on. Thus, the two types of certification issues differ primarily in the number of investors involved and in the regulations disposal issuance.When a ships company opted for expansion, it obviously must be financed. Often the semen money (i.e. the initial funding) comes from the founders and their families and friends. For some companies, this is sufficient to get things launched, and by retaining future(a) earnings they need no more external rightfulness financing. For others infusions of additional external beauteousness be necessary.Venture bully venture capital represents funds invested in a new enterprise. Wealthy investors and financial institutions ar the major sources of venture capitals. Debt funds are sometimes provided, but it is in general common stock that is involved. This stock is al close to always initially move privately.Initial Public Offerings If the enterprise is successful, the haveers may want to take the company public with a sale of common stock to outsiders. Often this appetency is prompted by venture capitalists, who want to realize a specie call up on their investment. In another situation, the founders may simply want to record a value, and liquidity, for their common stock. Initial Public Offerings are accomplished through underwriters.Bonds a bond is a dour landmark debt instrument with a final maturity generally being 10 years or more. If the security has a final maturity shorter than 10 years, it is usually called a note. To fully understand bonds, we must be beaten(prenominal) with certain basic terms and common features. Par value for a bond represents the do to be paid the lender at the bonds maturity.It is likewise called face value or principal. Coupon esteem is the interest range on a bond for example a 13% coupon rate indicates that the issuer will pay bondholders $ 130 per annum for every $ snow0 equivalence value bond that they hold. Bonds almost always have a give tongue to maturity. This i s the time when the company is obligated to pay the bondholder the par value of the bond. prefer stocks it is a hybrid form of financing, combining features of debt and common stock. In the emergence of liquidation a preferred stockholders claim on additions comes after that of creditors but before that of common stock holders. Usually, this claim is qualified to the par value of the stock, if the par value of a share of preferred stock is $100, the investors will be entitled to a maximum of $100 in settlement of the principal amount.Term loans commercial banks are a primary source of term financing. Two features of a bank term loan distinguish it from other types of melodic phrase loans. showtime, a term loan has a final maturity of more than 1 year. Second it most often represents credit extended under a formal loan agreement. For the most part, these loans are repayable in tipic installments. Quarterly, semiyearlyly, or annual that covers both interest and principal.Lease f inancing a lease is a contract by its terms the owner of an asset (the lessor) gives another ships company (the lessee) the exclusive right to use the asset, usually for a specific period of time, in return for the payment of rent. Most of us are familiar with leases of houses, apartments, officers or automobiles. Recent decades have seen an enormous growth in the leasing of business assets, such(prenominal) as cards and trucks, computers, machinery and even manufacturing plants.An obvious advantage, the lessee incurs several obligations. First and foremost is the obligation to make periodic lease payments, usually monthly or quarterly. Almost, the lease contact specifies who is to maintain the asset.The finale to borrow rests on the relative timing and magnitude of exchange flows. Under the two financing alternatives, as well as on the discount rate employed. To tax whether or not a proposal for financing makes economic find one should compare the proposal with financing the a sset with debt.ReferencesNeil Seitz and Mitch Ellison (2004), Capital Budgeting and semipermanent Financing DecisionsRichard H. Bernhard, (2005), Capital Budgeting and Long-Term Financing Decisions, 2d edRobert G. Beaves (2005), Capital Budgeting and Long-Term Financing Decisions.Long Term FinancingIt offers powerful and intuitively pleasing predictions about how to measure luck and the relation between expect return and risk. The risk in this model comprise of systematic risk content risk undiversifiable risk or market risk. This sticker fundamentally takes into account assets sensitivity to non-diversifiable risk RE (Capital asset pricing model From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia).Earlier pricing models do not reflect changes in financial markets but with the emergence of monetary set Models in form of Capital Pricing Models and Discounted Cash Flow models, changes in financial market, risk and return on individual investment end be easily ascertained RE ( http//www.busines s.uiuc.edu/s-darcy/present/ratemake.ppt256,1,Ratemaking A Financial Economics Approach).CAPM is based on certain assumptions such as investors should be rational, fixed quantity of assets, perfect efficient capital markets, production plans are fixed, no inflation, no change in level of interest rate, mistakable expectation. However having numerous advantage of this model it is also affected by certain limitations and based on certain assumptions which does not perfectly exists.As it fails to appear adequate variation in stock returns, it assumes that there are no taxes or transaction exist which is not equal in prevailing market situation. It assumes all assets of fixed quality which bath neer be possible, every market is not perfectly efficient, it varies on the primer of several factors. Inflation makes direct effect on the interest rate so can it be possible to remain unaffected with such change.In comparison to previous Model, Discounted Cash Flow Model (DCF) helps to je ll that what one person is willing to pay today in collection to obtain the expected exchange flow in future years. In short, it can be said that Discounted cash Flow Model is the method of conversion of futures earning in todays money. DCFM helps in calculation of cash needed to be invested to receive expected cash flow in future years. The DCFM reflects following Reference-1. The time Value of money means investor must be compensated for the delay of their cash flow.Risk bounty states that investor can demand high amount in form compensation. The recognise inputs in Discounted Cash Flow Model are discount rate, cash flows and growth to get future cash flows. This model helps in determine the companys current value according to its estimated future cash flows. DCFM is an important tool in making judgment about company performance. However DCFM are powerful, but they have certain limitations as they are limited to mechanical valuation, small changes in inputs may proceeds in l arge changes in the value of a company. DCFM are not suitable for short term investment as it focus on long term investing RE (http//pages.stern.nyu.edu/adamodar/pdfiles/dcfinput.pdf).So, from the study of both the model it can be concluding that both are suitable at their own place subject to consideration of certain assumption and limitation.The companys evaluates various debts form _or_ system of government and dividend policy to arrive at final decision so that maximum benefit can be provided to company, shareholder, creditors or other persons. To valuate debts and equities various theories are discussed in connection with the sum of debt or equity needed in the organization. Cost of capital play a very important role in selection of the amount of debt and equity such as cost of debt, cost of preference shares, cost of debentures, cost of common shares etc.Then to identify factors which affect capital bodily mental synthesis such as political risk, cash flows, discount rate a nd storehouse value. Calculation of net present value, interest rate of return and alter net present value is done to ascertain the suitability of capital budget. So first, cash flow forecasting is to be done by adopting various principles. Then categorization of cash require is made in form of shorter cash, medium term and long term. Then the capital structure is decided by considering various aspects such as cost of equity capital.Then after having profits the company decide whether whole or part of profit is distributed. The factors should be considered while taking the decision policy decision. Then procedure for payment of dividend is sketched and then impact of divided is renowned on the position of shareholders RE (http//www.cma-srilanka.org/pub/professionalII.pdf).Hence it is clear from the rating of debt/equity mix and dividend policy that how much they are necessary to sanction companys position. Therefore it is advisable that there must be judicious mixture of debt a nd equity that must add value by reducing taxes and strengthening management as too much debt result in heavy loss of business and perhaps a pricey organization.REFERENCEReferred to sites-1. http//www.business.uiuc.edu/s-darcy/present/ratemake.ppt256, 1, Ratemaking A Financial Economics ApproachRatemaking A Financial economies Approach2. http//www.biu.ac.il/soc/sb/stfhome/lauterbah/794/part6/fama_capm.pdfThe Capital Asset Pricing Model Theory and EvidenceEugene F. Fama and Kenneth R. French3. http//www.valuebasedmanagement.net/methods_dcf.htmlDCF method Discounted Cash Flow4. http//www.cma-srilanka.org/pub/professionalII.pdfInternal Control & Risk Management (ICR)Dated 28th direful 2007

Saturday, February 23, 2019

Morality Play Pattern in Pride and Prejudice

Austen is particularly unusual among virtue ethicists come outgoing and present in according amiableness so much importance, even up though it is so obviously central to most peoples lives working, if not living, in close con comelyment with others with whom one must and should get along. Austen presents these virtues as not merely a necessary accommodation to difficult circumstances, but as superior to the invidious vanity and pride of the rich and titled, which she often mocks.So, inPride and Prejudice, Elizabeth white avens rejects Darcys haughty condescension out of hand the riant termination must wait until Darcy comes to see beyond her lowly connections and unaristocratic discretion and fully recognise her true ( buttoned-down) virtue. That is a virtuous happy ending even more than it is a romanticistic one. Like any nigh(a) virtue ethicist, Austen proceeds by giving illustrative examples. This is why her characters ar moral rather than psychological constructs.Auste ns purpose is not to explore their internal lives, but to expose particular moral pathologies to the aid of the makeer. Dont act interchangeable this Dont cut off your relatives without a penny after promising your stupefy you would look after them and stillify it with self-serving casuistic rationalisations (as bath Dashwood does inSense and Sensibility). Dont be standardised this Mor in ally incontinent manage Mrs Bennet or struck through with a single huge flaw, like Mr Bennets selfish wish to live a private life magic spell being the head of a family (Pride and Prejudice).But as comfortably as excoriating such obvious though conventional moral failings of human nature, Austen attends c atomic number 18fully, and with a fine brush, to illustrating the fine detail, and fine-tuning, that true virtue requires. To show us what true amiability should be, she shows us what it isnt quite. Fanny Price, the heroine ofMansfield Park, is so excessively amiable as to puke her avow dignity and interests at risk, so self-effacing that her true come more or little doesnt notice her (until events intervene).Mr Bingleys amiability inPride and Prejudiceis pitch perfect, but fails to class between the deserving and undeserving. Emma, meanwhile, is very discriminating, but she is a snob just about it she is rather too conscious of her social status and does not actually respect others as she should (which, of course, gets her into trouble). Then thither are the illustrations of what virtuous behavior looks like. Here one sees why the plot is so firmly in the authors hands, not the characters.Austen is primarily concerned with setting up particular scenes moral trials in which we can see how virtuous characters be halt in examination circumstances. These moral lessons to the reader are the parts she gave the most exacting attention to where her words are perfectly chosen and sparkling with intelligence and buddy-buddy moral insight. These are the parts that she actually cared about the rest the rituals of the romantic comedy genre and social realism is just background.We see Austens characters navigating the rough attentions and comments of boors, fools and cads with decorum and dignity Indeed, brother, your anxiety for our welfare and prosperity carries you too far, Elinor chastises John Dashwood, ever so politely inSense and Sensibility. In each novel we see Austens central characters working through moral problems of all kinds, weighing up and considering what propriety requires by talking it through to themselves or trusted friends.We see them learning from their mistakes, as Elizabeth and Darcy both learn from their premature mistakes about his character (Pride and Prejudice). We even see them engaging in explicit, almost technical, moral philosophy analysis, such as debating to what extent Frank Churchill should be considered virtuously responsible for his failure to visit Highbury (Emma), to the evident boredom of the less morally developed characters stuck in the same room as them.Austen carries out her mission of moral education with flair and brilliance, while charitably respecting the interests and capacities of her readers (which is why she is so much more readable than most moral theorists who, like Kant, seem often to write as if understanding is the readers problem). Yet there is one further striking feature that sets Austens novels apart hermoral gaze. The omniscient author of her books sees right through people to their moral character and exposes and dissects their follies, flaws and self-deceptions.I cannot read one of her novels without thinking with a shiver about what that penetrating moral gaze would reveal if directed at myself. This is virtue ethics at a different level about moral vision, not just moral content. Austen shows us how to look at ourselves and analyse and identify our own moral character, to meet Socratess challenge to Know thyself. We have all the knowledge w e need to look at ourselves this way, to see ourselves as we really are we have an authors omniscient access to the details of our own lives but we broadly speaking prefer not to open that box.Indeed, academic moral philosophers since the enlightenment have collaborated with this natural aversion by collectively turning their attention forth from uncomfortable self-examination and towards elaborating coherent systems of rules that any agent should follow. Yet denotation Austen shows the ultimate ineffectiveness of this strategy. I do not believe that all the sophisticated Kantian and utilitarian theory in the world could apology you for long from Austens moral gaze.We should read Austen today because she is wise as well as clever, and because she teaches us how to live well not just how to cope well. We should read beyond thedelicious ritualsof her romantic comedy plots to her deeper interests and purposes in creating her morally complex characters and setting them on display for us. We should read beyond her unquestioned literary genius, and her place in the history of literary innovations and influences, to her unrecognised philosophical genius in elaborating and advancing a moral philosophy for our bourgeois times.

The value of friendship

True intimacy is bingle of the or so all-important(prenominal) asset that humankind has and rightful(a) friendship surpass any obstructor and test of magazines. We argon born as social beings and no human screwing live al whizz like an island.Although this is taken literally most of the times, no one understands the honor of those around you not until you are left hand alone one day in a situation you consume help. Grieve (2008) assert that in every aspect of our life, we interact with mint in different ways. It is through interaction with people that we are interact to the society. However it is not everyone in our life that we get along with.There are individuals who we become c sustain confidants to, who we can term as current friends. Although it is unwashed to make and lose friends, there are friends who have a salient impact in our life and whose memory lives to our old age. These are who we auspicate true friends. True friends are hard to come by and when we lose them, we do feel that a part of us has been taken away.A true friend is one who is ready to sincerely do anything for you in nurse of your friendship. However most of the times we take our friendship for granted and we may not be committed to like our friends are. According to Donegani et al., (2006) despite this, true friendship lead survive all odds and the bond betwixt the two friends survives beyond the reason for the end of their friendship.True friends are bonded by a strong bond in a way that although they may be separated psychically, their subject matters longs for the some other and what remains in their friendship is the melancholy memories of the times they shared together.A wise saying says no one hunchs the value of water until the well dries and this can be applied to our friends. We never know the value of our friends not until we are separated. As we said, most of the time will be taking our friendship casually not realizing their value in our life.How ever when we are separated, we start seeing difference in our life. Lonely moments starts crawl in our life and we snuff it long days thinking near the good times we had before. Although we may try our foot in reservation other friends, we never fell satisfied. We still miss the days we spend with our friends. It is true to assert that true friendship surpass any obstruction and test of timesDuring my spicy school days, I learnt the value of friendship in the hard way. I was sad and nongregarious girl in my childhood as I grew at home as the only child. My parents were both(prenominal) full time workers and I spent most of my time in the house alone.My life brightened when I went to school as I interacted with other children and made friends. Among the friends I made in my junior school, Jane could be considered as a true friend. Our friendship blossomed as we were in the very(prenominal) build and lived in the comparable neighborhood. We spent our time together, played t ogether, ate together, and bonded the same bus to school our friendship was the center of our life.We were close confidant with one another and we shared our innermost feeling. Furthermore we were display cased by the same condition at home since Jane was still the only child in the family and her parents were full time worker.When we were not in school, we spent our time together either in our home or in their home. I cute distri howeverively and every moment I spent with Jane. I matt-up a different person in her company, my eyes brimmed with happiness and my heart was filled with joy like child curdled by her mother. I felt like Jane was my sister and I real took her like my sister.On our birthday, we showered each(prenominal) other with gifts and up to date, I still have the old shuttlecock that she bought me on my eight birthdays. However, fate had it that our friendship would not grow beyond out middle classes. When we went to high school, things changed rapidly which left me a lonely person in life.I have come to believe that very cunning things which you value most in you life are the one which you are most likely to lose and in a more inhumane way. I did not think that our friendship with Jane be broken by any third party.However this came to in our first year in high school. Our parents had decided to take us to the same high school since they completed the value of our friendship and they encouraged us to be there for each other. One day, Jane came running to be in a very upbeat mood. I could see that she was very excited and she told me that something very wonderful had happened in her life.I was very happy to see my friend that much excited merely little did I know that the unfolding risings would change our friendship and affect me in a great way. Jane informed that she had fallen in love with yard, who was a new boy just admitted to the school. She informed me that Kelvin had approached her and she cold not resist since she had strong feeling towards him.I advised her close the difficulties she may face dealing with her boyfriend and committing her time to education but she assured me that she would manage it. Upon pondering the news, I told her that this was her decision but I cautioned her to be very careful. She promised me that she would be extra careful and would not pay on her educational goal of becoming a doctor. However, I had one concern about our friendship.I felt that Jane would spend most of her time with her new boyfriend. With a judgmentful expression, I asked Jane Is your new friendship going to a break up our close friendship? Jane looked at me and replied straight to my face Dont by like that, of course you know that I love you more that anything. You are my best friend and nothing can separate us.Dont you believe me? for something thins were as usual but with time I noted that Jane was avoiding my companionship and she was spending more time with her boyfriend. I started feeling sadder and lonely. My childhood days crawled back in my life. When I thought about the words Jane had uttered straight to my face, I felt she was a liar and she did not value me at all. With time, our friendship died away and I felt sadder.One day, Jane borrowed my book and she lost it. I could not control my exasperation and I hurled words at there calling her a liar and untrustworthy friend. She reiterated and hit me hard with her lunch box. Our friendship was as all of a sudden as a dodo.Only melancholic memories of our past that remained, hunting me on day-to-day bases. This was just the begging and more lonely days came when were separated by and by high school. However, true friendship does not end and although you may be separated physically, you are together at heart.

Friday, February 22, 2019

What Impact Does Tourism Have in Coastal Areas in Spain

Impacts of throne phaetonry in coastal atomic number 18as of Spain Sabine Alma 213772 Group TTM1M 2012 2012 Table of contents solvent 3 Introduction 5 What is pickle touring carry and how did tourerry go up in Spain? 5 What are the heathenish and affable jolts of touristry in the coastal res publicas in Spain? 6 What clash does pile tourism endure on the deliverance and milieu in Spain? 7 closing 9 rank sheet10 Reference list12 Declaration I declare that * I composed this work This work has non been accepted in any previous application for a tip or diploma by me or anyone else * All sources of my in somaation have been ac acquaintanced Date Name Signature Word Count What encroachment does tourism have in coastal areas in Spain, since late 1950s? Introduction According to Bram headspring (2004) a third of the income of the Mediterranean comes from the tourism sector, as tourism is in the first place concentrated in the coastal areas of Spain. Nowadays, tourism is indispensable. This pertlysprint focuses on the impact that lot tourism has on the coastal areas in Spain.Bram substantially (2004) states that since 1960, there has been a major appendage in the tourism sector. Tourists who go to Spain especially travel to the Spanish coasts. In addition, the actor argues that tourism has an impact on these areas and this paper will analyse impacts on the coastal areas. First, mass tourism will be defined and discussed, as it is very authoritative to know what it means in order to understand the topic. Secondly, the cultural and societal impacts of mass tourism in the Spanish coast are stated. Lastly, the outcomes of the question will be explained in the conclusion.What is mass tourism and how did tourism arrive in Spain? According to Wahab and Pigram (1997) mass tourism consists of three basic parts which concerns principally cooperative group of travelling, cooperative accommodation and mindful integration of the holiday mak er in a group of travellers (Wahab & Pigram, 1997). pageboy and Connell (2009) claims that mass tourism is, a high raft of tourism that appeals to a large trade (p ). Further more than, they remark that it bay window change the area and its state which also concerns the coastal areas in Spain.According to Gonzales (1996) general Franco dedicated his regime to the promotion of tourism as the main financial program in order to conquer the issues of their payments poverty in the country. Bramwell (2004) states that foreign investment tourism has split uped expeditious centred in the main on the recreational zones of the Mediterranean coastline areas. Therefore, Bramwell (2004) maintains that international mass tourism began to develop in the coastal areas and islands of the Mediterranean Europe in the decades of the late mid-fifties.The absolute majority signifi whoremastert characteristics of Spanish tourism after the Second World state of war have been experiencing rapid gr owth in the visitor numbers and the combining of domestic and inbound middle and depleteder-class social groups, fit in to Bramwell (2004). The author discovered that large expansion in tourism came after the 1950s and the visitors totalled 47,7 million by the year 1986. Additionally, Spanish domestic tourism has pay considerably to the growth of mass tourism (Bramwell, 2004).Bramwell (2004) discovered that an other element that contributed to the growth of mass tourism was the introduction of mailboat holidays, which are low priced. He states that the Spanish coastline became covered with hotels and flats funded by foreign financiers who presented low package holidays, which in return consumed less cash as well as non giving sufficient income for the countries balance of payment (Bramwell, 2004). What are the cultural and social impacts of tourism in the coastal areas of Spain? The influences on the civilisation and civilisation of these coastal areas are particularly multidi mensional, intricate and contested. touristry has acquired and provided individuals more financial and social independence from their family. Besides fathers are less powerful in families than before, withal supposing that the family has preserved importance, including as a crushed economic unit that combines assorted sources of income from tourism. Furthermore, it has been argued that tourism has led to depopulation from the villages and a concentration of population in the towns (Bramwell, 2004). Besides, the impacts and consequences of the commercialisation of culture for tourism directs caused many academic discussions.With some depicting this regale as fundamentally destructive of the meaning through which local anaesthetic inhabitants coordinate their lives (Greenwood, 1989 179). Certainly, this tourist commercialisation can affect inhabitants culture, provided it must not be expected that people automatically are incompetent to view as these pressures whether local cultures should somehow kept fixed. Nevertheless, mass tourism changes the behaviour of the inhabitants from the coastal areas. The inhabitants adapt to the tourists behaviour due to the fact that they want to make cash out of these tourists.Tourists wear different clothes, eat different aliment and move differently with each other. An suit is that in restaurants, Dutch, German food can be ordered. With the arrival of the first tourists in the late 1950s, bikinis were prohibited however an exception for tourists was made. The culture in an area changes slowly and lowestly can disappear due to tourism. Although, certain inhabitants of the coastal areas attach to the old-fashioned things, as tourists like to see cultural things such as conventional costumes and traditional dances.Regularly, tourists think that inhabitants of the tourism areas still live like these old traditions, opus this is not the case (van Rooden, 2010). Also other significant influences on changes in their community, in particular the effects of mass media, increasing living standards, and the evolving sensory faculty of environmental concerns (Bramwell, 2003 598). According to Salva Tomas(1991) the rapid growth of tourism in the Spanish Balearic islands has encouraged population expansion. Furthermore the islands appeared as one of the wealthiest regions in southern Europe.Besides, Vidal Bendito (1994) is serious about focusing entirely on the impact of tourism on these islands, as a demographic and economical data shows that the Balearic society modernised already before the beginning of mass tourism. Regarding multinational food chains, McDonalds for example, are global and put an end to the unique quality of a location. Universal forms in music, fashion and films lead to a westernisation of civilisation and cultures. Furthermore, it brings cut back the tourist knowledge and harms the local cultural systems.Above all, in certain countries phantasmal dances may be commercialis ed and promoted, glamorised for western visitors and performed out of context. As well there may be trivialising of local trades such as woodworks and mass production of souvenirs (Bramwell, 2004). What impact does mass tourism have on the economy and environment of Spain? Mass tourism provides more jobs for the local inhabitants in the coastal areas of Spain. The inhabitants of the areas work in restaurants, hotels and cafes. Furthermore, they maintain beach chair rentals and sell souvenirs.Many other benefits have been created through tourism, such as hotels, apartments, roads, railways, waterworks, and restaurants have provided many jobs. Companies from the coastal areas earn lots of money to manufacture and building. Likewise, cleaning companies, travel agencies, great tidy sum companies and information agencies are needed. The local citizen discovered methods and businesses to get income via mass tourism, mainly they own bike rentals, miniature golf courses, or amuse tourists with their speedboats. source) Previously, small fishing villages had a high unemployment however this totally changed by the increment of mass tourism. Therefore, many people are happy with the development of tourism in the coastal areas of Spain (van Rooden, 2010) The socio-economic disadvantages of this industry contain the possibility for revenue effluence from the local economy to tour operators and carriers in origin countries, and its focus of low workers who are badly paid and employed aptly to the rise and decide in tourism (Bramwell, 2004).Frequently, tourism is associated with complications of seasonal job losses and stages of ample hours of intense work, according to Urry (1990 66 88). Therefore, the low payments oft contribute to the forms of differences among the populations of tourist areas. Furthermore, there can be critical differences in the distribution of tourism between parts of capital, for instance between tour operators which operate external, and loca l tourism businesses which are on a smaller scale, as well between different districts. Since the 1960s millions of tourists visit the Spanish coasts.In order to visualize the ever-growing demand, large-scale apartment complexes and hotels along the coasts resurrected. Furthermore, construction of new resorts is continuing nowadays. The matter is that many of these beach destinations along the Spanish coast suffer from skyline pollution. This implies that hotels and apartment complexes will rise in the height and only antecedent accommodations have sea views, which shows that the agricultural policy aimed at rapid growth rather than sustainability. A range of accommodations dates back to the 1950s or 1960s, which oft are expired nowadays.Consequently, outdated accommodations attract young travelers who bargain to for example Salou and Lloret de Mar. However, these inexpensive trips do hardly contribute to the local economy (Stichting elegant Tourism, 2012). To turn to the rapid growth, the environmental and temporal attentiveness of the industry often have enhanced its environmental influences (Shaw&Williams, 1994). The ability of infrastructure in an area exceeded the rapid increase of several resorts at that time. Particularly, the demanding summer months resulted to strong environmental concerns (Sharpley, 2000 283).Occasionally, these concerns display in defects in road facilities and substrates, collection and discard of refuse, sewer collection systems and water purification. Particularly, where local government is not used to the new intensities of demand, where is a lack of applicable competences or is underfinanced (Priestley & Mundet, 1998 92). The conjunction of laws in pro-developments and the absence seizure of implementation and enforcement of the principles of land-use and environmental regulation has occasioned in difficulties such as adorn ilapidation, sea pollution, devastation of ecosystem, loss of useful agrarian land and the mixed b ag of inconsistent land usage (Bramwell, 2004). Moreover, almost all disposable products are imported, which in itself is harmful to the environment. Al disposable items are a vast waste. A tourist produces 50% more waste than a local inhabitant. Additionally, a Spanish citizen uses around 250 liters of water per day, while a tourist uses an average of 900 liters. These numbers include use of swimming pools and golf courses.The broad water consumption of tourists in Spain is a major problem, since the coastal areas already suffer from water scarcity. The wastewater from hotels and other tourist facilities are not handled well. This, in fact is being dumped into the sea a view miles remote from the coast (Stichting Fair Tourism, 2012). While developments along Spanish coasts in second-home and seclusion home are frequently built at lower volume fractions, this reduced spatial concentration itself can have negative consequences. Including, the more major losses of agricultural land and pollution from traffic is an impact of increased travel distances.Furthermore, the developments of tourism contribute to diverse pressures on environmental resources in coastal areas, including the stones and sand used for building materials (Bramwell, 2004). Conclusion establish on the findings presented in the previous part it can be conclude that tourism has played a tremendous role in the coastal areas of Spain. The development of tourism since the late 1950s has caused many changes in those areas and accordingly it has numerous influences in various fields. Since tourism is indispensable, masses of tourists visit the Spanish coastal areas each year.The tourism industry has left its traces and therefore it is in-chief(postnominal) to be awake of this. There are undoubtedly economic benefits from mass tourism as families become more independent. Furthermore, villages become less inhabit as there are many sources of income in the coastal areas. Additionally, mass tourism leads to a westernisation of civilisation and cultures, wherefore it brings down the tourist knowledge and harms the local cultural systems. All in all, it can be utter that tourism has many advantages and disadvantages.When coming to all the above-mentioned facts, there are generally more disadvantages. It has been argued that, it is very important that tourists become more aware of the downside of tourism. Tourists depart every week however the Spanish inhabitants have to deal with all the consequences of tourism, as they will live there all their lives. mark Sheet First Year Writing Assignment Assessment form You must include a copy of this form (2 rascals) with your Report. (Max 84 points)NameSabine Alma English teacher Dymphi van der Hoeven Formatting/ Structure Correct Layout * Font, spacing, page numbering, headers, numbered tables, graphs, charts 1 2 * Proper Table of contents (APA Style) * Title Page (title of report, students name, number, date, assessors name * Table of Contents * The paper (I. B. C. , not on separate pages) * List of Works cited * Grading Sheet and declaration 1 Introduction Movement is from general to peculiar(prenominal) * General background to the topic * Statement of purpose * Preview of the contents of the report 3 12Body * Clear sections with standard phrases that lay out or link in each section * Sufficient affirm (examples, statistics, expert opinions, etc. ) * Ideas from outside sources are relevant, sufficiently elaborated, and synthesized * All findings develop the topic and relate to the purpose/problem statement (no irrelevancies) 6 Conclusion * Review/ summary of the findings (pulling it all together) * Outcome of work = answer to purpose/problem statement (if applicable) * Recommendations, future prospects, personal opinions (if applicable) 3 Correct APA Referencing point of PLAGIARISM = 0 marks for the whole assignment * In-text citation paraphrasing (clearly in students own oral communication) * Direct quotations (no more than 10% of final copy) * Reference list/ works cited or bibliography are correct according to APA 15 Style Formality (appropriate style of language for the assignment) * Written in an audience orientated way * Balance between formal and daily 12Variety and accuracy of vocabulary * Correct choice of row * Vocabulary has variety and interest (avoids using simplistic expressions and or repetition) pithiness * Direct and to the point (avoids using wordy phrases) Coherence * Flow of the sentences is muted (avoids using awkward, ambiguous, confusing sentences) Grammar * Complete sentences (lack of fragments, run-on sentences) * Use of transitional words and phrases (linking or connectors) * Correct word order * Correct use of tenses, verb/noun and peculiar/plural agreement * Correct prepositions, correct word form (i. e. endings) 12 Mechanics * Correct use of capitals, commas * Avoid overuse of bold font, , semi-colon * spell out 3Reference list Bramwe ll, B ( 2004). Coastal Mass tourism. Deversification and sustainable Development in Southern Europe. Clevedon Channel view productions. Bramwell, B. (2003) Maltese responses to tourism. narrative of Tourism Research 30 (3), 581 605. Greenwood, D. J. (1989) Culture by the pound. An anthropological persepctive on tourism as cultural commmoditization. In V. Page, M. , Page, S. , Connell, J. (2009) Tourism A newfangled Synthesis. n. d. Cengage Learning Emea Priesley, G. K. (1995). Evolution of tourism on the Spanish coast. In. G. J. Ashworth and A.G. J Dietvorst Urry, J. (1990). The tourist gaze. Leisure and travel in contemporary societies. London Sage Vidal Bendito, T. (1994) The Balearic population in the twentieth century. In M. R. Carli (ed) Economic and population Trends in the Mediterranean Islands (pp. 129-54). Collana Alti Seminari 5. Naples Edizioni Scientifiche Italiane. Salva Tomas, P. A. (1991) La population des iles Baleares pendent 40 ans de tourisme de masse (1950-198 9). Mediterranee 1, 74 -14. Shaw, G and Williams, A. M. (1994). Critical issues in tourism A geographical persepecitve.Oxford Blackwell. Sharpley, R. (1998). Island Tourism Development. The case of Cyprus. Newcastle centre for Travel tourism, university of Northumbria at Newcastle. Stichting Fair Tourism. (2012). Massa Tourism. Retrieved 30 March, 2012 from http//www. fairtourism. nl/index. php? pagimenu_id=25&pagimenu_Sid=7 Van Rooden, P. (2010) Gevolgen van massatoerisme. Retrieved April 04, 2012 from http//www. schooltv. nl/eigenwijzer/2157310/aardrijkskunde/item/2831006/gevolgen-van-massatoerisme/ Wahab, S, & Pigram J. J. (1997)Tourism, Development and Growth. The

Marketing Mix Netflix Essay

Marketing is a very complex innovation that involves a detailed process. The types of strategies for securities industrying focus on a rear audience and ar directly re newd to what is known as the 4 Ps of the Marketing mix.The Marketing mix has been defined by many as the controllable variables a conjunction mystifys together to foregather its come in market If any parts of a Marketing Mix get reveal of balance, the target market leave be insufficiently served. This model of the Marketing Mix was first introduced by Neil Borden when he make his 1964 article, The Concept of the Marketing Mix. Borden had first started using the phrase in 1949 and claimed that it came to him duration reading a book by James Culliton on the activities of a business executive (netmba.com, 2009). The 4 Ps that the Marketing Mix consists of are convergence, place, promotion, and harm.The term harvest-time refers to tangible, physical outputs, as well as to go. A lot of thought and prel iminary research goes into the type of product a high society willing manufacture, including product specifications, design, and production of the unit. The biggest concern for a business is that they are able to introduce their product at the remove time, when the consumers commands are greatest. A product will more(prenominal) often than not go through a life cycle, much like a human life cycle, consisting of four polar stages introduction, growth, maturity, and pedigree. After the developmental period, a product is introduced or launched into the market. At this stage, the need for immediate profit is not a pressure the product is promoted to create awareness. In the growth stage, competitors are attracted into the market with very similar offerings.Products become more profitable and companies may form alliances, joint ventures, or take each other over. The currency spent on advertising is high and its focus is on create brand recognition. In the maturity stage, sales will grow at a decreasing rate and then stabilize. Producers will try to secernate products and brands, while bell wars and enthusiastic challenger will occur. At the decline stage, on that point is a downturn in the market where there is intense terms-cutting and many more products are withdrawn from the market. Profits offer be improved by reducing the amount spent on marketing and product promotion. However, very few products follow much(prenominal) a normative cycle. The length of each stagevaries enormously and not all products will go through all stages (Lamb, Hair, & McDaniel, 2005).Place represends the location where a product faeces be purchased. It is often referred to as the distri preciselyion channel. It can entangle any physical store as well as realistic stores on the Internet. Place is excessively an authorised part of marketing. The product or answer needs to be accessible to customers, especially its target market. a lot times there are no need f or an actual store location, as many very prospered companies offer just online services or products. In these instances, products or services are much more convenient and cheaper to the customer because of the lower overhead costs.Promotion represents all of the communications that a marketer may insert into the marketplace. This can include TV, radio, and fool advertising, as well as coupons, direct mail, billboards, and online advertising. Often times we conjecture of marketing as just the promotion or sales part, only when the other 3 factors are often times just as important, if not more important. Promotion is the advertising of the actual product or service. One must consider who the audience is and what the best right smart is to target them. This could include television advertisements, radio advertisements, mailing and so on. There is no one best way to advertise, it really depends on the product and its audience. This is a very important aspect of marketing, and ofte n times a trustworthy or bad promotional campaign can make or break a product or service (Perreault, Jr. & McCarthy,2005).The last-place P in the marketing mix is Pricing, which is the most difficult constituent to determine. A Companys requirement for net income and its objectives for long-term market control mostly influence a price strategy. In appendix to the primary goal of making money, a company can restrain many different pricing objectives and strategies. Larger companies may utilize product pricing in a predatory or defensive fashion, to blow or defend against a competitor. If a product is of premium flavor and has unique features and benefits, a premium price may be obligatory to reinforce the premium brand image.High prices confirm perceptions of high set in consumer minds. A good pricing strategy will too indicate guidelines foraction in the case of price increases or decreases (managementhelp.com, 2009). A company may want to consider temporarily delaying nec essary price increases driven by supplier and ingredient price increases, and instead, take affordable, littler profit margins. If competitors are increasing prices and one company decided not to, this could be a temporary advantage for that company since sales record may increase.To set the best price for a product, a company will need to review the essentials of their business with an eye as to how they will affect price. A company must know their customer base, because the separate a company understands the wants, needs, beliefs, and values of its customers, the easier it will be to accurately price their product. A company will then need to assess their competition and see how their product relates to those similar offerings. Next, a company will need to determine their production costs and develop a marketing plan, both for short and long-term. Distribution costs must be factored into the final price of the product, as well. Once these elements are considered, a pricing strat egy can be more easily determined.One very successful company that utilizes the 4 Ps of marketing extremely well is Netflix. The company virtually singlehandedly brought its competitors to their knees. These companies, including Blockbuster have since recovered and began offering a similar service, but Netflix had the marketing plan in place and rolled it out so efficiently that it really caught its competitors by surprise.Netflix is a little tricky when it comes to the product. It offers the service of photographic film rentals, but in a more convenient way than the traditional movie rental stores such as Blockbuster or Hollywood Video. In 1999, Netflix came up with an online movie subscription with no late fees. This gave pack the convenience of receiving the movies they wanted to see right in their mailbox. No overnight did you have to search through the isle for a movie that was already rented out.Netflix does not offer a place where a customer can come pickup his or herorde r, instead everything gets conveniently shipped to each customer via United States Postal Service. This makes it convenient for just about anyone to use because there does not have to be a local store or shipping location around. Customers are able to place orders right online, which is a convenient and private way to pick the DVDs that they desire to view.The promotion of Netflix was generally done through television advertisements. They targeted television watchers, who for the most part also watch movies. Their catchy marketing claimed No Due Dates and No late Fees, which was very appealing to consumers who were tired of paying late fees with their current movie rental stores (Netflix, 2009). It also offered the convenience of No shipping or use charges, which made it just as competitive as the other places.The prices that Netflix charges its customers are very competitive to the current market of DVD rentals. They have different options to suit different needs. According to th eir website, they have a plan beginning as low as only $4.99 per month. This plan allows viewing of up to 5 movies. For customers who want to watch more movies per month, they offer other plans also, such as the $17.99 a month plan that allows 3 movies to be out at a time. Once one movie is returned, another is sent out in its place. These different plans offer a wide variety of choices to fit different budgets.Marketing is an important element for any business. By analyzing the four Ps of product, price, place, and promotion, an validation can achieve a successful marketing campaign. Whether the business is a small mom and pop organization or a major corporation, marketing can play an important role in its success. Understanding the marketing mix will put an organization on the road toward success and profitability.Referenceshttp//www.netmba.com/marketing/mix/. Retrieved June 8, 2009.http//www.managementhelp.org/mrktng/pricing/pricing.htm. Retrieved June 5, 2009.Lamb, Charles W., Hair, Joseph F., & McDaniel, Carl. (2005). Essentials of Marketing (4th ed.). Mason, Ohio South-Western.Perreault, Jr., William D., & McCarthy, E. Jerome. (2005). Basic Marketing (15th ed.). New York McGraw-Hill, Irwin.http//ir.netflix.com/. Retrieved June 6, 2009.